Change DNS settings on Linux Print

If you find that your server’s Domain Name Server (DNS) settings are misconfigured or you prefer to use your own, this article describes how to change your Linux® server’s DNS settings.

If you want to test your site without the test link prior to going live with SSL or verify that an alias site works prior to DNS changes, you can Modify your hosts file to override the DNS for a domain on a specific machine.

Add name servers to the configuration file

On most Linux operating systems, the DNS servers that the system uses for name resolution are defined in the /etc/resolv.conf file. That file should contain at least one nameserver line. Each nameserver line defines a DNS server. The name servers are prioritized in the order the system finds them in the file. Use the Internet Protocol (IP) addresses of the name servers when you enter them into the configuration file because the system doesn’t know what to do with domain names until after it knows how to get to the DNS servers.

In some cases, /etc/resolv.conf could be a directly managed file, populated by the network service (network by using initscripts or NetworkManager). To directly edit the configuration file, use the following steps to add the DNS servers:

1. Open the resolv.conf file with an editor, such as nano, to make the necessary changes. If the file doesn’t already exist, this command creates it:

   sudo nano /etc/resolv.conf

2. Add lines for the name servers that you want to use. The following table displays which name server IP addresses to use depending on which datacenter houses your cloud servers. The “Name server IP address” column shows the lines to add to the configuration file:

   Data center	Name server IP address
   Hong Kong (HKG)	nameserver 120.136.32.62 nameserver 120.136.32.63
   Northern Virginia (IAD)	nameserver 69.20.0.164 nameserver 69.20.0.196
   London (LON)	nameserver 83.138.151.80 nameserver 83.138.151.81
   Chicago (ORD)	nameserver 173.203.4.8 nameserver 173.203.4.9
   Dallas/Fort Worth (DFW)	nameserver 72.3.128.240 nameserver 72.3.128.241.
   Sydney (SYD)	nameserver 119.9.60.62 nameserver 119.9.60.63.
   Frankfurt (FRA)	nameserver 159.135.130.45 nameserver 159.135.130.46

3. Save the file.

4. To ensure that your new settings are working, ping the domain name by using the following command:

   ping -c 3 rackspace.com

You should see a result similar to the following one:

PING rackspace.com (173.203.44.122) 56(84) bytes of data.
64 bytes from 173.203.44.122: icmp_req=1 ttl=249 time=25.3 ms
64 bytes from 173.203.44.122: icmp_req=2 ttl=249 time=25.2 ms
64 bytes from 173.203.44.122: icmp_req=3 ttl=249 time=25.2 ms

--- rackspace.com ping statistics ---
3 packets transmitted, 3 received, 0% packet loss, time 2002ms
rtt min/avg/max/mdev = 25.236/25.292/25.392/0.147 ms

If you receive an unknown host message, double-check the IP addresses that you set as your DNS servers.

Add the same name servers with IPv6 addresses

If you’re using IPv6 on your server, you might need to add the IPv6 addresses of your name servers to the resolv.conf file. You can see if a DNS server has an IPv6 address by performing the following steps:

1. Use the following host command to get the domain name of the server (substitute your DNS server IP address):

   $ host 72.3.128.240
   240.128.3.72.in-addr.arpa domain name pointer cachens1.dfw1.rackspace.com.
   

2. Use the domain name you got back in another host lookup:

   $ host cachens1.dfw1.rackspace.com
   cachens1.dfw1.rackspace.com has address 72.3.128.240
   cachens1.dfw1.rackspace.com has IPv6 address 2001:4800:d::1
   

If an IPv6 address is returned, you can add that as another nameserver line in the resolv.conf file, as follows:

nameserver 2001:4800:d::1

Then test as previously shown, by using the ping6 command instead of the regular ping command to force the system to use IPv6.